神經性下尿路障礙（NLUTD）是脊髓損傷（SCI）的病患常見的併發症，除了影響生活品質之外，患者同時也承擔著腎功能惡化的顯著風險。對於NLUTD而言，尿路動力學檢查也被認為是客觀且最重要的評估項目。對於SCI的患者來說，在遭受傷害後的第一年內，其神經系統是處在極其不穩定的狀態。因此，除了軀幹肢體的感覺及運動神經外，醫療照顧者也需要更多地關注患者的下尿路功能，進而避免上尿路的功能也走向惡化一途。
在過去的研究中，除了強調尿路動力學對於診斷的重要性，也指出了在SCI後建議早期就做尿路動力學檢查，能夠對於嚴重NLUTD的患者做出早期評估，並且早期就介入治療。然而現今的對於SCI患者在何時要施作尿路動力學檢查並沒有明確的依循或共識。
研究收案了97位創傷或是缺血性SCI的患者，在1、3、6、12個月安排尿路動力學檢查。並以逼尿肌過動（DO）、逼尿肌括約肌共濟失調（DSD）、逼尿肌在儲尿時最大壓力超過40 cmH20、膀胱順應性小於20 ml/H2O、膀胱輸尿管逆流（VUR）這五項參數作為NLUTD的不良指標。
結果發現87位（90%）的病患在SCI後一年內，至少有觀察到一項以上的不良指標，88%的病患有DO合併DSD，39%的病患逼尿肌在儲尿時最大壓力超過40 cmH20，另有7%的病患有VUR。所有病患都沒有膀胱順應性低下的問題。
從研究中可以推知，不論臨床上有無症狀，SCI患者當中，有近9成在其受傷後第一年就表現出尿路動力學上的程度不一的異常。依據這些尿路動力學的結果而能對NLUTD的患者早期介入治療，進而避免未來上尿路功能惡化及降低長期的併發症。 雖然目前並沒有治療指引明確指出SCI病患何時要做尿路動力學，但根據這篇研究的結果來說，受傷後一年之內似乎是一個能夠早期察覺到NLUTD的時間點，至於更明確的排程時間，則需要未來更多的研究及專家們的共識了。

Purpose: We aimed to provide a real-world description of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction within the first year after spinal cord injury with a focus on unfavorable urodynamic parameters that are associated with urological morbidity.

Materials and Methods: Urodynamic investigations from 97 patients with traumatic or ischemic acute spinal cord injury and managed according to the European Association of Urology Guidelines on Neuro-Urology were analyzed at a single university spinal cord injury center at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after injury. Unfavorable urodynamic parameters were defined as detrusor overactivity in combination with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, maximum storage detrusor pressure of 40 cm H2O or higher, bladder compliance less than 20 mL/cm H2O, and vesicoureteral reflux of any grade.

Results: One or more unfavorable urodynamic parameter was observed in 87 out of 97 patients (90%) within the first year after spinal cord injury. Eighty-eight percent of the patients showed detrusor overactivity with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, 39% a maximum storage detrusor pressure of 40 cm H2O or higher, and 7% vesicoureteral reflux. No patient developed a low-compliance bladder.

Conclusions: Using a standardized urodynamic follow-up schedule, we found unfavorable urodynamic parameters in a majority of the population within the first year after spinal cord injury. As early treatment based on urodynamic findings might reduce the risk of deterioration of upper and lower urinary tract function, thereby improving long-term outcomes, there is need for further research regarding recommendations for a urodynamic follow-up schedule during the first year after spinal cord injury.